21. Accounting changes are often made and the monetary impact is reflected in the financial statements of a company even though, in theory, this may be a violation of the accounting concept of
22. Which of the following is not treated as a change in accounting principle?
A. A change from LIFO to FIFO for inventory valuation
B. A change to a different method of depreciation for plant assets
C. A change from full-cost to successful efforts in the extractive industry
D. A change from completed-contract to percentage-of-completion
23. Which of the following is not a retrospective-type accounting change?
A. Completed-contract method to the percentage-of-completion method for long-term contracts
B. LIFO method to the FIFO method for inventory valuation
C. Sum-of-the-years'-digits method to the straight-line method
D. "Full cost" method to another method in the extractive industry
24. Which of the following is accounted for as a change in accounting principle?
A. A change in the estimated useful life of plant assets.
B. A change from the cash basis of accounting to the accrual basis of accounting.
C. A change from expensing immaterial expenditures to deferring and amortizing them as they become material.
D. A change in inventory valuation from average cost to FIFO.
25. A company changes from straight-line to an accelerated method of calculating depreciation, which will be similar to the method used for tax purposes. The entry to record this change should include a
A. credit to Accumulated Depreciation.
B. debit to Retained Earnings in the amount of the difference on prior years.
C. debit to Deferred Tax Asset.
D. credit to Deferred Tax Liability.
26. Which of the following disclosures is required for a change from sum-of-the-years-digits to straight-line?
A. The cumulative effect on prior years, net of tax, in the current retained earnings statement
B. Restatement of prior years’ income statements
C. Recomputation of current and future years’ depreciation
D. All of these are required.
27. A company changes from percentage-of-completion to completed-contract, which is the method used for tax purposes. The entry to record this change should include a
A. debit to Construction in Process.
B. debit to Loss on Long-term Contracts in the amount of the difference on prior years, net of tax.
C. debit to Retained Earnings in the amount of the difference on prior years, net of tax.
D. credit to Deferred Tax Liability.
28. Which of the following disclosures is required for a change from LIFO to FIFO?
A. The cumulative effect on prior years, net of tax, in the current retained earnings statement
B. The justification for the change
C. Restated prior year income statements
D. All of these are required.
29. Stone Company changed its method of pricing inventories from FIFO to LIFO. What type of accounting change does this represent?
A. A change in accounting estimate for which the financial statements for prior periods included for comparative purposes should be presented as previously reported.
B. A change in accounting principle for which the financial statements for prior periods included for comparative purposes should be presented as previously reported.
C. A change in accounting estimate for which the financial statements for prior periods included for comparative purposes should be restated.
D. A change in accounting principle for which the financial statements for prior periods included for comparative purposes should be restated.
30. Which type of accounting change should always be accounted for in current and future periods?
A. Change in accounting principle
B. Change in reporting entity
C. Change in accounting estimate
D. Correction of an error
31. Which of the following is (are) the proper time period(s) to record the effects of a change in accounting estimate?
A. Current period and prospectively
B. Current period and retrospectively
32. When a company decides to switch from the double-declining balance method to the straight-line method, this change should be handled as a
A. change in accounting principle.
B. change in accounting estimate.
C. prior period adjustment.
D. correction of an error.
34. Which of the following statements is correct?
A. Changes in accounting principle are always handled in the current or prospective period.
B. Prior statements should be restated for changes in accounting estimates.
C. A change from expensing certain costs to capitalizing these costs due to a change in the period benefited, should be handled as a change in accounting estimate.
D. Correction of an error related to a prior period should be considered as an adjustment to current year net income.
35. Which of the following describes a change in reporting entity?
A. A company acquires a subsidiary that is to be accounted for as a purchase.
B. A manufacturing company expands its market from regional to nationwide.
C. A company divests itself of a European branch sales office.
D. Changing the companies included in combined financial statements.
36. Presenting consolidated financial statements this year when statements of individual companies were presented last year isa.
A. a correction of an error.
B. an accounting change that should be reported prospectively.
C. an accounting change that should be reported by restating the financial statements of all prior periods presented.
D. not an accounting change.
37. An example of a correction of an error in previously issued financial statements is a change
A. from the FIFO method of inventory valuation to the LIFO method.
B. in the service life of plant assets, based on changes in the economic environment.
C. from the cash basis of accounting to the accrual basis of accounting.
D. in the tax assessment related to a prior period.
38. Counterbalancing errors do not include
A. errors that correct themselves in two years.
B. errors that correct themselves in three years.
C. an understatement of purchases.
D. an overstatement of unearned revenue.
40. If, at the end of a period, a company erroneously excluded some goods from its ending inventory and also erroneously did not record the purchase of these goods in its accounting records, these errors would cause
A. the ending inventory and retained earnings to be understated.
B. the ending inventory, cost of goods sold, and retained earnings to be understated.
C. no effect on net income, working capital, and retained earnings.
D. cost of goods sold and net income to be understated.
