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Term | Definition The totality of learned, socially transmitted customs, knowledge, material objects, and behavior. | |
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Term | Definition A fairly large number of people who live in the same territory, are relatively independent of people outside it, and participate in a common culture. | |
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Term What is a cultural universal? | | Definition A common practice or belief found in every culture. | |
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Term | Definition The process of introducing a new idea or object in a culture through discovery or invention. | |
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Term | Definition The process of making known or sharing the existence of an aspect of reality before. | |
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Term | Definition The combination of existing cultural items into a form that did not exist before. | |
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Term | Definition The process by which a cultural item spreads from group to group or society to society. | |
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Term | Definition Cultural information about how to use the material resources of the environment to satisfy human needs and desires. | |
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Term What is material culture? | | Definition The physical or technological aspects of our daily lives. | |
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Term What is nonmaterial culture? | | Definition Ways of using material objects, as well as customs, beliefs, philosophies, governments, and patterns of communication. | |
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Term | Definition A period of maladjustment when the nonmaterial culture is still struggling to adapt to new material conditions. | |
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Term | Definition The systematic study of how biology affects human social behavior. | |
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Term | Definition An abstract system of word meanings and symbols for all aspects of culture, includes gestures and other nonverbal communication. | |
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Term What is the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis? | | Definition A hypothesis concerning the role of language in shaping our interpretation of reality. It holds that language is culturally determined. | |
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Term | Definition An established standard of behavior maintained by a society. | |
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Term | Definition A norm that has been written down and that specifies strict punishments for violators. | |
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Term | Definition Governmental social control. | |
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Term What is an informal norm? | | Definition A norm that is generally understood but not precisely recorded. | |
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Term | Definition Norms deemed highly necessary to the welfare of a society. | |
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Term | Definition Norms governing everyday behavior whose violation raises comparatively little concern. | |
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Term | Definition A penalty or reward for conduct concerning a social norm. | |
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Term | Definition A collective conception of what is considered good, desirable, and proper - or bad, undesirable, and improper - in a culture. | |
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Term What is dominant ideology? | | Definition A set of cultural beliefs and practices that helps to maintain powerful social, economic, and political interests. | |
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Term | Definition A segment of society that shares a distinctive pattern of mores, folkways, and values that differs from the pattern of the larger society. | |
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Term | Definition Specialized language used by members of a group or subculture. | |
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Term | Definition A subculture that deliberately opposes certain aspects of the larger culture. | |
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Term | Definition The feeling of surprise and disorientation that people experience when they encounter cultural practices that are different from their own. | |
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Term | Definition The tendency to assume that one's culture and way of life represent the norm or are superior to all others. | |
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Term What is cultural relativism? | | Definition The viewing of people's behavior from the perspective of their own culture. | |
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Term | Definition The use of two or more languages in a particular setting, such as the work place or schoolroom. | |
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Term Are slang words an example of culture? | | Definition |
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Term Which anthropologist compiled a list of cultural universals? | | Definition |
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Term The identification of a new moon of Saturn was an act of? | | Definition |
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Term The distinction between elements of material and nonmaterial culture was made by which sociologist? | | Definition |
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Term What term did William F. Ogburn introduce to refer to the period of maladjustment when the nonmaterial culture is still adapting to new material conditions? | | Definition |
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Term Sociobiologists apply this man's principle of natural selection to the study of social behavior? | | Definition |
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Term The statement "respect your elders" reflects what? | | Definition |
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Term In the US , we often formalize norms into what? | | Definition |
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Term True are false: Norms can conflict with other norms? | | Definition |
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Term True or False: People follow norms in all situations. | | Definition |
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Term Health, love, and democracy are examples of what? | | Definition |
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Term Which theoretical perspective maintains that stability requires a consensus and the support of society's members? | | Definition The functionalist perspective. | |
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Term Which sociological perspective argues that a common culture serves to maintain the privileges of some groups while keeping others in subservient position? | | Definition The conflict perspective. | |
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Term Who argued that a capitalist society has a dominant ideology that serves the interests of the ruling class? | | Definition |
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Term Residents of a retirement community, workers on an offshore oil rig, and rodeo riders are all examples of what sociologists refer to as... | | Definition |
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Term Terrorist groups are examples of what? | | Definition |
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Term Which sociological perspective emphasizes that ethnocentrism serves to maintain a sense of solidarity by promoting group pride? | | Definition The functionalist perspective. | |
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Term By 2006, how many states in the US had declared English to be their official language? | | Definition |
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Term Who coined the term ethnocentrism? | | Definition |
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Term The requirements for a college major and the rules of a card game are considered what? | | Definition |
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