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Page 2
Category
Disease
Cause
Clinical features
Treatment
DIC
Infection-induced expression of tissue factor and phosphatidylserine of the cellular membrane
Thrombotic phenotype of coagulation disorder with fibrinolysis suppression
Management of infectious focus, potentially anticoagulant therapy
TMA
TTP (acquired)
Autoantibody inhibition of ADAMTS13 activity
TTP pentad (thrombocytopenia, MAHA, fluctuating neurological signs, renal impairment and fever)
Plasma exchange, immunosuppressive therapy, recombinant ADAMTS13 if possible
STEC-HUS
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli
Hemorrhagic enterocolitis, fever, thrombocytopenia, MAHA, acute kidney injury
Avoiding antibiotic therapy and supportive care
aHUS
Uncontrolled activity of alternative complement pathway.
Thrombocytopenia, MAHA, acute kidney injury
Plasma exchange, and anti-C5 monoclonal antibody (eculizumab)
Secondary TMA
HELLP syndrome
Inadequate placentation secondary to maternal immune response to invading trophoblast.
Hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets
Timely delivery
APS/CAPS (primary)
Antiphospholipid antibodies (β2-glycoprotein I)
Multiple venous and arterial thrombosis, repeated miscarriage, multi-organ failure (CAPS)
