What is the yearly average percentage increase in the production of company Y from 1996 to 1999?

Direction Q (101-105) : The bar graph given below shows the data of the production of paper (in lakh tonnes) by three different companies X, Y and Z over the years. Production of Paper (in lakh tonnes) by Three Companies X, Y and Z over the Years. (Bank PO 2008).          101. For which of the following years, the percentage rise/fall in production from the previous year is the maximum for Company Y?         A.1997      B.1998    C.1999      D.2000 102. What is the ratio of the average production of Company X in the period 1998-2000 to the average production of Company Y in the same period?         A.1:1          B.15:17     C.23:25      D.27:29 103. The average production for five years was maximum for which company?               A.X          B.Y       C.Z          D.X and Z both 104. In which year was the percentage of production of Company Z to the production of Company Y the maximum?              A.1996     B.1997       C.1998     D.1999 105. What is the percentage increase in the production of Company Y from 1996 to 1999? Directions (Q. 106-110 ): Study the following table carefully to answer the following questions

Example 1: Ann works in a supermarket for $10.00 per hour. If her pay is increased to $12.00, then what is her percent increase in pay?

Analysis: When finding the percent increase, we take the absolute value of the difference and divide it by the original value. The resulting decimal is then converted to a percent.

Solution: 

Answer: The percent increase in Ann's pay is 20%.

Let's look at an example of percent decrease.

Example 2: The staff at a company went from 40 to 29 employees. What is the percent decrease in staff?

Analysis: When finding the percent decrease, we take the absolute value of the difference and divide it by the original value. The resulting decimal is then converted to a percent.

Solution: 

Answer: There was a 27.5% decrease in staff.

Percent increase and percent decrease are measures of percent change, which is the extent to which something gains or loses value. Percent changes are useful to help people understand changes in a value over time. Let's look at some more examples of percent increase and decrease.

In Example 1, we divided by 10, which was the lower number. In Example 2, we divided by 40, which was the higher number. Students often get confused by this. Remember that the procedure above asked us to divide by the original value. Another way to remember the procedure is to subtract the old value from the new value and then divide by the old value. Convert the resulting decimal to a percent. The formula is shown below.

Example 3: At a supermarket, a certain item has increased from 75 cents per pound to 81 cents per pound. What is the percent increase in the cost of the item?

Solution: 

Answer: There was an 8% increase in the cost of the item.

Example 4: Four feet are cut from a 12-foot board. What is the percent decrease in length?

Solution: 

Answer: There was a 33.3% decrease in length.

Summary: Percent increase and percent decrease are measures of percent change, which is the extent to which something gains or loses value. Percent change is useful to help people understand changes in a value over time. The formula for finding percent change is:

Exercises

Directions: Each problem below involves percent change. Enter your answer for each exercise without the percent symbol. Round your answer to the nearest tenth of a percent when necessary. For each exercise below, click once in the ANSWER BOX, type in your answer and then click ENTER. After you click ENTER, a message will appear in the RESULTS BOX to indicate whether your answer is correct or incorrect. To start over, click CLEAR.

1.	At Furnace Woods School, enrollment increased from 320 students in 2006  to 349 students in 2007. What is the percent increase in enrollment?

2.	Stock in Company XYZ decreased from $14 a share to $9 a share.  What is the percent decrease in stock price?

3.	The tuition at a college increased from 50,000 in 2006 to to 59,000 in 2007. What is the percent increase in tuition?

4.	The price of oil decreased from $54 per barrel to $50 per barrel. What is the percent decrease in oil prices?

5.	In a small town, the population increased from 25,000 people in 1990 to 32,000 people in 2000. What is the percent increase in population?

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The bar graph given below shows the data of the production of paper (in lakh tonnes) by three different companies X, Y and Z over the years.

Production of Paper (in lakh tonnes) by Three Companies X, Y and Z over the Years.

1.

For which of the following years, the percentage rise/fall in production from the previous year is the maximum for Company Y?

A. 1997 B. 1998 C. 1999 D. 2000 Answer: Option A Explanation: Percentage change (rise/fall) in the production of Company Y in comparison to the previous year, for different years are: For 1997 = (35 - 25) x 100 % = 40%. 25 For 1998 = (35 - 35) x 100 % = 0%. 35 For 1999 = (40 - 35) x 100 % = 14.29%. 35 For 2000 = (50 - 40) x 100 % = 25%. 40 Hence, the maximum percentage rise/fall in the production of Company Y is for 1997.

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2.	What is the ratio of the average production of Company X in the period 1998-2000 to the average production of Company Y in the same period?
A. 1:1 B. 15:17 C. 23:25 D. 27:29 Answer: Option C Explanation: Average production of Company X in the period 1998-2000     = 1 x (25 + 50 + 40) = 115 lakh tons. 3 3 Average production of Company Y in the period 1998-2000     = 1 x (35 + 40 + 50) = 125 lakh tons. 3 3 Required ratio = 115 3 = 115 = 23 . 125 3 125 25

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Page 2

The bar graph given below shows the data of the production of paper (in lakh tonnes) by three different companies X, Y and Z over the years.

Production of Paper (in lakh tonnes) by Three Companies X, Y and Z over the Years.

6.	What is the difference between the production of Company Z in 1998 and Company Y in 1996?
A. 2,00,000 tons B. 20,00,000 tons C. 20,000 tons D. 2,00,00,000 tons Answer: Option B Explanation: Required difference = [(45 - 25) x 1,00,000] tons = 20,00,000 tons.

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