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Indiana University Bloomington
What are the freezing and boiling temperatures of water in degrees Celsius, kelvins, and degrees Fahrenheit?
Touch the top of the stove after it has been on and it feels hot. Hold an ice cube in your hand and it feels cold. Why? The particles of matter in a hot object are moving much faster than the particles of matter in a cold object. An object’s kinetic energy is the energy due to motion. The particles of matter that make up the hot stove have a greater amount of kinetic energy than those in the ice cube. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in matter. In everyday usage, temperature indicates a measure of how hot or cold an object is. Temperature is an important parameter in chemistry. When a substance changes from solid to liquid, it is because there was an increase in the temperature of the material. Chemical reactions usually proceed faster if the temperature is increased. Many unstable materials (such as enzymes) will be viable longer at lower temperatures.
Temperature Scales
As can be seen by the 100 kelvin difference between the two, a change of one degree on the Celsius scale is equivalent to the change of one kelvin on the Kelvin scale. Converting from the Kelvin scale to the Celsius scale or vice versa is easy, as you simply add or subtract 273.
Converting between the Celsius and Fahrenheit temperature scales is a little bit trickier but still not too difficult. To convert from Fahrenheit to Celsius, first multiply the temperature in Celsius (TC) by 1.8 and then add 32, in that order. TF=1.8×TC+32\text{T}_{\text{F}}=1.8\times\text{T}_{\text{C}}+32TF=1.8×TC+32 TC=TF−321.8\displaystyle\text{T}_{\text{C}}=\frac{\text{T}_{\text{F}}-32}{1.8}TC=1.8TF−32
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Glossary
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