Although chlamydia is highly contagious, it does not always transmit to a person’s sexual partners. It is also possible to have a false-negative test result. Show Having more frequent sex with a partner who has chlamydia may increase a person’s risk of contracting it. Despite this, a person with chlamydia can have frequent sex without the infection passing to their partner. If a person takes a test too soon after exposure, they may have a false-negative result. They may need to repeat the test at a later date to get an accurate result. Read on to learn why one partner may test negative for chlamydia when the other tests positive. If one partner tests positive for chlamydia and the other does not, there are a few possible explanations:
Simply knowing that one partner is positive and the other is negative does not reveal anything about the status of the relationship. Having different test results does not necessarily mean that one partner has been unfaithful. It also does not mean that the partner who tested negative is immune. They might eventually develop chlamydia or another sexually transmitted infection (STI). A person will not contract chlamydia every time they have sex with someone with the infection. In a 2020 study, researchers developed a model for estimating how likely a person is to get chlamydia from a partner with the infection. Using two different sets of data, this model gave the following per-partnership transmission rates:
The study did not look at transmission rates between people of the same sex. Chlamydia spreads through sexual contact with bodily fluids containing the bacteria. Some types of sexual activities that can spread chlamydia include:
The infection can also pass from a pregnant person to an infant during pregnancy or birth, so treatment during pregnancy is particularly important. People with chlamydia often do not have symptoms. Being asymptomatic does not mean that a person does not have chlamydia. A person with a history of recent exposure to chlamydia should undergo testing. They should act as though they have the infection until a healthcare professional tells them otherwise. In some cases, a person may also have a false-negative test result. This can happen if they test too soon after exposure. For example, if a person tests the day after sex with a partner who has chlamydia, the bacteria may not have had the chance to grow to detectable levels. It can take 5–14 days or more after exposure for a chlamydia test to be positive. Even when a person waits long enough, false negatives are fairly common. A 2014 systematic review to update the United States Preventive Services Task Force guidelines for chlamydia screening suggests a false-negative rate in the range of 0–28%. However, the authors caution that the higher false-negative rates were due to study methodological limitations and may not indicate the actual false-negative rate. Across all studies, regardless of study quality, the false-positive rate ranged from 0% to 2.9%. This means that if one partner tests positive and the other tests negative, it is more likely that the negative partner has an inaccurate test result. In many cases, it makes sense to treat both partners even when just one tests positive. Talking about STIs can be uncomfortable and embarrassing. If one person tests positive and their partner does not, they may worry about infidelity. It is important to know that having different test results does not definitively mean this is the case. It can be helpful to discuss chlamydia with a healthcare professional to understand each partner’s risk. Some topics to talk about with one another include:
It can be confusing if one partner tests positive for chlamydia or another STI and the other does not. However, this can happen for many reasons, including false positives and false negatives. Even the most contagious STIs do not transmit from one partner to another every time they have sex. It is important to discuss STI test results with a healthcare professional to develop an appropriate treatment plan. On this page: Your Test ResultsYour test results show you have gonorrhea or chlamydia – or both. These are sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) that can cause permanent damage to you and your sex partners if not treated early. People get STDs by having sex with someone who has an STD. Once you are infected, you can infect someone else. Both gonorrhea and chlamydia often have no symptoms. Sometimes only one partner will have symptoms, even though both have the disease. That’s why notifying your sexual partners about the results of your test is important. Notify Your Partner(s)Since these diseases can be given to other people when you have sex with them, you should notify everyone you have had sex with during the 60 days before your symptoms appeared or you were diagnosed. One of these people passed the disease on to you without knowing they had the disease. And, you could have passed the disease to others without knowing it. Notify your partner(s) immediately so that they can see a doctor for testing and treatment, if necessary. Telling a partner may not be easy, but it is important that you do so. If left untreated, gonorrhea and chlamydia can cause serious permanent damage, including infertility (unable to get pregnant and have children). Informing your partners gives them the opportunity to get immediate testing, and if necessary, receive treatment.
Common SymptomsWomen may have pain in the pelvic area. Both diseases can infect a woman’s fallopian tubes and ovaries. This can cause lower abdominal pain during intercourse, unusual menstrual pain, irregular periods, loss of weight and a general feeling of illness. If left untreated, both diseases may cause infertility, premature birth or tubal pregnancies (where the baby grows in another part of the body outside of the womb). Men may have pain or burning when they urinate. There may be a whitish-yellow or cloudy discharge – or “drip” from the penis. If left untreated, both diseases can cause urinary problems, sterility or infections in the joints. Men and women can become infected with either disease in the mouth and rectum if those body parts are involved during sex. There often are no symptoms when these parts of the body are infected with gonorrhea or chlamydia. Babies can be infected with either disease during birth. Infected babies can have serious eye infections. Chlamydia can cause a serious pneumonia in newborn babies. About ChlamydiaChlamydia is the most widespread bacterial sexually transmitted disease today. It is especially dangerous for women because it often leads to pelvic inflammatory disease, a major cause of infertility. Untreated chlamydia can cause infertility by blocking the fallopian tubes with scar tissue. The danger of tubal pregnancies is also greater. Chlamydia, if untreated, can also cause infertility problems in men. About GonorrheaGonorrhea is a bacterial infection which can affect the sexual organs, throat, rectum and other parts of the body including the eyes and joints. Arthritis and swelling of the joints sometimes results. In 40% of men and nearly 80% of women who are infected with gonorrhea, there are no obvious symptoms. Steps to Take1. Take all of the medicine your doctor prescribes. Don’t stop taking the medicine just because your symptoms disappear or because you feel better. Your doctor may treat you for chlamydia if you tested positive for gonorrhea because the two diseases often infect you at the same time. Be sure to ask about any possible side effects from your medication. 2. Notify all of the people with whom you have had sex during the 60 days before your symptoms appeared. If you didn’t have symptoms, notify all of your sex partners during the 60 days before you were diagnosed. Partners should be treated as soon as possible to prevent them from developing problems or giving the disease back to you or to other people. 3. Don’t have sex until your doctor tells you it’s OK again. This includes vaginal, oral and anal sex, because the disease can infect not only the sexual organs but the throat and rectum as well. 4. See your doctor immediately if you have any symptoms in the future. 5. Once your health care provider says it’s OK to have sex again, help protect yourself from STDs by:
6. If you need help notifying your sexual partners, the Partner Services Program can provide confidential help, or notify your partner(s) anonymously on your behalf. For more information, see STD/HIV Partner Services Program. Can you have chlamydia and not give it to your partner?As most people do not have symptoms, it is possible the person (who tested positive) could have had chlamydia/gonorrhea from a previous relationship, and has not passed it to their partner yet. It is never 100% that you will pass an STI when you have sex.
Is it possible to sleep with someone with chlamydia and not get it?Will I Automatically Get an STD If I Sleep with Someone Who Has a STD? No, some sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), also commonly referred to as sexually transmitted infections (STIs), are not transmitted consistently every time an infected person has sex with someone who is not infected.
Will you get chlamydia if your partner has it?You can get chlamydia by having vaginal, anal, or oral sex with someone who has chlamydia. Also, you can still get chlamydia even if your sex partner does not ejaculate (cum). A pregnant person with chlamydia can give the infection to their baby during childbirth.
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If i have chlamydia will my partner definitely have it
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